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Class 10 · DSA · Enrichment

Topological sorting

Interactive explanation Gamified quiz, feedback & rewards

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DSA enrichment · Learning goals & preparation

By the end, you can…

  • Explain Every output vertex appears before all vertices it points to.
  • Trace a small input and connect each operation to the algorithm’s rule.
  • Explain the implementation’s time and space cost and solve its mission.

Useful preparation: Reading arrays, indexing from zero and following step-by-step instructions. Suggested previous stop: Dijkstra shortest paths.

DSA uses suggested Foundation (Class 8), Builder (Class 9) and Advanced (Class 10) levels. It is an enrichment pathway.

Graphs · Advanced

Topological sorting

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Ready. Step through the algorithm and explain each change.

  1. compute every indegree
  2. enqueue zero-indegree vertices
  3. remove a vertex; append to output
  4. decrease neighbours’ indegrees
  5. enqueue newly zero-indegree vertices

Example: Directed acyclic graph

A small fixed example keeps the mechanics easy to inspect.

A deliberate practice loop

Don’t just watch it move

  1. 1Before stepping, predict the next comparison, pointer move or state update.
  2. 2Read the explanation and identify the invariant that remains true.
  3. 3Change the input, then solve the concept quest without guessing.
About this pathway

From foundations to advanced patterns

The library covers core DSA techniques with bounded teaching examples. Foundation, Builder and Advanced describe learning progression, rather than a school-class syllabus. Snapshots are stored for playback and are excluded from algorithm-space labels.

Further study: MIT Introduction to Algorithms ↗