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Class 10 · DSA · Enrichment

Kruskal / minimum spanning tree

Interactive explanation Gamified quiz, feedback & rewards

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DSA enrichment · Learning goals & preparation

By the end, you can…

  • Explain Accept the lightest available edge that does not create a cycle.
  • Trace a small input and connect each operation to the algorithm’s rule.
  • Explain the implementation’s time and space cost and solve its mission.

Useful preparation: Reading arrays, indexing from zero and following step-by-step instructions. Suggested previous stop: Segment trees / range sums.

DSA uses suggested Foundation (Class 8), Builder (Class 9) and Advanced (Class 10) levels. It is an enrichment pathway.

Graphs · Advanced

Kruskal / minimum spanning tree

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Ready. Step through the algorithm and explain each change.

  1. sort edges by nondecreasing weight
  2. initialise union–find components
  3. for each edge (u,v)
  4. if roots differ: accept edge and union
  5. stop after V−1 accepted edges

Example: Connected weighted undirected graph

A small fixed example keeps the mechanics easy to inspect.

A deliberate practice loop

Don’t just watch it move

  1. 1Before stepping, predict the next comparison, pointer move or state update.
  2. 2Read the explanation and identify the invariant that remains true.
  3. 3Change the input, then solve the concept quest without guessing.
About this pathway

From foundations to advanced patterns

The library covers core DSA techniques with bounded teaching examples. Foundation, Builder and Advanced describe learning progression, rather than a school-class syllabus. Snapshots are stored for playback and are excluded from algorithm-space labels.

Further study: MIT Introduction to Algorithms ↗